when-present<#else>when-missing. (These only cover the last step of the expression; to cover the whole expression, use parenthessis: (myOptionVar.foo)!myDefault, (myOptionVar.foo)?? The failing instruction (FTL stack trace): ---------- ==> ${node.nodeId?c} [in template "default_list_pc.ftl" at line 106, column 33] #else [in template "default_list_pc.ftl" at line 105, column 1] ---------- Java stack trace (for programmers): ---------- freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException: [... Exception message was already printed; see it above ...] at freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException.getInstance(InvalidReferenceException.java:98) at freemarker.core.UnexpectedTypeException.newDesciptionBuilder(UnexpectedTypeException.java:41) at freemarker.core.UnexpectedTypeException.(UnexpectedTypeException.java:24) at freemarker.core.MiscellaneousBuiltins$cBI._eval(MiscellaneousBuiltins.java:469) at freemarker.core.Expression.eval(Expression.java:111) at freemarker.core.Expression.evalAndCoerceToString(Expression.java:115) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:76) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:265) at freemarker.core.MixedContent.accept(MixedContent.java:93) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:265) at freemarker.core.IfBlock.accept(IfBlock.java:84) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:265) at freemarker.core.MixedContent.accept(MixedContent.java:93) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:265) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:243) at freemarker.template.Template.process(Template.java:277) at com.cifcms.common.util.FreeMarkerTemplate.outputContext(FreeMarkerTemplate.java:88) at com.cifcms.common.util.FreeMarkerTemplate.writeFileWithMapData(FreeMarkerTemplate.java:119) at com.cifcms.content.action.ContentAction.validcontent(ContentAction.java:284) at com.cifcms.content.action.ContentAction$$FastClassByCGLIB$$1ba965e4.invoke() at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204) at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:701) at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:150) at org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AopAllianceAnnotationsAuthorizingMethodInterceptor$1.proceed(AopAllianceAnnotationsAuthorizingMethodInterceptor.java:82) at org.apache.shiro.authz.aop.AuthorizingMethodInterceptor.invoke(AuthorizingMethodInterceptor.java:39) at org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AopAllianceAnnotationsAuthorizingMethodInterceptor.invoke(AopAllianceAnnotationsAuthorizingMethodInterceptor.java:115) at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172) at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:634) at com.cifcms.content.action.ContentAction$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$2126703.validcontent() at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor3463.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvoker.invokeHandlerMethod(HandlerMethodInvoker.java:176) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:440) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.handle(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:428) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:925) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:856) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:936) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:838) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:153) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:812) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:91) at com.caucho.server.dispatch.ServletFilterChain.doFilter(ServletFilterChain.java:103) at com.cifcms.security.DenyUrlFilter.doFilter(DenyUrlFilter.java:58) at com.caucho.server.dispatch.FilterFilterChain.doFilter(FilterFilterChain.java:87) at com.cifcms.security.XssFilter.doFilter(XssFilter.java:48) at com.caucho.server.dispatch.FilterFilterChain.doFilter(FilterFilterChain.java:87) at com.cifcms.security.ParameterFilter.doFilter(ParameterFilter.java:52) at com.caucho.server.dispatch.FilterFilterChain.doFilter(FilterFilterChain.java:87) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ProxiedFilterChain.doFilter(ProxiedFilterChain.java:61) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AdviceFilter.executeChain(AdviceFilter.java:108) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AdviceFilter.doFilterInternal(AdviceFilter.java:137) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:154) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ProxiedFilterChain.doFilter(ProxiedFilterChain.java:66) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AdviceFilter.executeChain(AdviceFilter.java:108) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AdviceFilter.doFilterInternal(AdviceFilter.java:137) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:154) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ProxiedFilterChain.doFilter(ProxiedFilterChain.java:66) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter.executeChain(AbstractShiroFilter.java:458) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter$1.call(AbstractShiroFilter.java:373) at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.SubjectCallable.doCall(SubjectCallable.java:90) at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.SubjectCallable.call(SubjectCallable.java:83) at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.DelegatingSubject.execute(DelegatingSubject.java:387) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter.doFilterInternal(AbstractShiroFilter.java:370) at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:154) at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:343) at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:260) at com.caucho.server.dispatch.FilterFilterChain.doFilter(FilterFilterChain.java:87) at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter.doFilterInternal(OpenSessionInViewFilter.java:230) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) at com.caucho.server.dispatch.FilterFilterChain.doFilter(FilterFilterChain.java:87) at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:88) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) at com.caucho.server.dispatch.FilterFilterChain.doFilter(FilterFilterChain.java:87) at com.caucho.server.webapp.WebAppFilterChain.doFilter(WebAppFilterChain.java:187) at com.caucho.server.dispatch.ServletInvocation.service(ServletInvocation.java:265) at com.caucho.server.http.HttpRequest.handleRequest(HttpRequest.java:273) at com.caucho.server.port.TcpConnection.run(TcpConnection.java:682) at com.caucho.util.ThreadPool$Item.runTasks(ThreadPool.java:730) at com.caucho.util.ThreadPool$Item.run(ThreadPool.java:649) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)